ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
Figure
|
Source of Figure
|
Figure 1
|
sciencenotes.org
|
Figure 1:
Trends in the Periodic Table and
arrangement of elements:
Group I = Group I contains Alkali metals
Group II = Group II contains Alkaline Earth
metals
Group VII = Group VII contains Halogens
Group VIII = Group VIII contains Inert gases
Note: Metals are arranged on the left of
the Periodic table with the change of character from metallic to non-metallic,
towards the right of the table.
Figure 1:
Staircase Line:
Consider the
Straight case line dividing the green and light blue patch.
This is
called the staircase line. This consists of Basic metals below the line and
Semi metals above the line.
In this
course, Group I, VII, O and Transition metals will be discussed.
Group number and its importance:
Group number
of an element plays a vital role in the ionic charge on the atom of an element
and hence its characteristics. The table below summarizes this relationship.
Table 1:
Group
Number
|
Number
of Valence Electron(s)
|
Ionic
charge
|
Character
|
Group I
|
1
|
+1
|
Metal
|
Group II
|
2
|
+2
|
Metal
|
Group III
|
3
|
+3
|
Metal
|
Group IV
|
4
|
+4 / -4
|
Non-Metal
|
Group V
|
5
|
-3
|
Non-Metal
|
Group VI
|
6
|
-2
|
Non-Metal
|
Group VII
|
7
|
-1
|
Non-Metal
|
Group VIII or Group O
|
8
|
0
|
Non-Metal
|
